Redemption in A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens Essay

Redemption in A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens Introduction Charles Dickens wrote A Christmas carol reflecting on the society that he live in the Victoria Era. During the reign of Queen Victoria Britain became one of the most Industrialised countries in European. From Britain Factories, mills, shipyards came products ranging from steam locomotives, to textiles and ship, while coal miners toiled deep below the ground to produce the coal needed to power Britain expanding Industries. During Victorian times there was a serious gap between the rich and poor. Rich people were very wealthy and poor people were living outside on the payments in very poor weathering conditions, also poor people were in poverty. Soon†¦show more content†¦Victorian Christmas celebration came with the arrival of Christianity. The Victorian Era influenced greatly the way Christmas was celebration until 1837; most people didn’t have time off from work to celebrate Christmas. Dickens wrote the novel Christmas Carol as way of encouraging the rich elite Victorian to redistribute to their wealth to the poor less privilege. Also Victorian Christmas is about showing good will towards others giving money to charity celebrating with family and friends. Body of the Essay In stave one, Marley was dead: to begin with. There is no doubt whatever about that. The register of his burial was signed by the clergyman, the clerk, the undertaker, and the chief mourner. Scrooge signed it. And Scrooges name was good upon Change, for anything he chose to put his hand to. Old Marley was as dead as a door-nail. Mind! I dont mean to say that I know, of my own knowledge, what there is particularly dead about a door-nail. I might have been inclined, myself, to regard a coffin-nail as the deadest piece of ironmongery in the trade. But the wisdom of our ancestors is in the simile; and my unhallowed hands shall not disturb it, or the Countrys done for. You will therefore permit me to repeat, emphatically, that Marley was as dead as a door-nail. Scrooge is described as a grouchy old miser. He cared for no one, did not loveShow MoreRelatedIn His Biography of Charles Dickens, Edgar Johnson Writes ‘’a Christmas Carol’ Is a Parable of Social Redemption and Scrooge’s Conversion Is the Conversion for Which Dickens Hopes Among Mankind’ Discuss.1134 Words   |  5 PagesA Christmas Carol’ is a novella written by Charles Dickens which illustrates a somewhat happy Christmas story that highlights the importance of being a kind hearted person. Throughout his novella, Dickens’s shows the reader his intended moral of the story, that Scrooge’s transformation at the end of the novella is what Dickens’s hopes that our world will too surely change. This is evident throughout the novella as he depicts Scrooge (before the conversion), the main character; to stand for all thatRead MoreThe Life Of Charles Dickens A Christmas Carol1062 Words   |  5 Pageslasted from 1832 to 1901 un der Queen Victoria’s reign. The culture revealed in this era was a time of rapid change, social inequality, industrialization, supernatural and religious beliefs, and was accurately reflected in the works of Charles Dickens, A Christmas Carol. Roles of men and women were strictly defined, as were economic statuses. The hustle and bustle of the streets led to illnesses. Working conditions were destitute and unsanitary. Children often had little to no education, unless veryRead MoreScrooges Journey of Growth and Redemption in a Christmas Carol810 Words   |  4 PagesIn A Christmas Carol, Charles Dickens represents Scrooge as an unsympathetic man who is offered the opportunity to redeem himself. Through use of language, the reader is positioned to view him adversely, but during the journey of morality lessons shown by three spirits, Scrooge recovers his sense of joy by undergoing a significant transformation. Scrooge seeks redemption through the many lessons taught by the Spir its of Christmas Past, Present, and Yet to Come. In A Christmas Carol, DickensRead MoreEbenezer Scrooge in A Christmas Carol Essay1163 Words   |  5 PagesDiscuss the ways in which Charles Dickens presents the character of Ebenezer Scrooge as being central to the moral message of A Christmas Carol. In the text ‘A Christmas Carol’, the author Charles Dickens presents the character of Ebenezer Scrooge as central to the moral message in a number of different ways. To identify this, a number of different aspects within the text shall be looked at. These include the morals of the story and the affects of this. The way Ebenezer Scrooge is portrayedRead Moreignorance and want875 Words   |  3 PagesSet up against the rampant industrialization of the 18th century, Charles Dickens classic novella â€Å"A Christmas Carol† endorses the notion that all people have a responsibility to ensure the safety and welfare of every member of society. By taking his seemingly irredeemable protagonist Ebenezer Scrooge on an other worldly journey. Dickens intends to convey to the complacent classes of the age, the necessity of various traits that are essential in life, such as the responsibility for those whom areRead MoreAlthough It Is a Ghost Story, a Christmas Carol Is an Uplifting Tale.745 Words   |  3 PagesAlthough it is a ghost story, A Christmas Carol is an uplifting tale. To what extent do you agree? A Christmas carol by Charles Dickens is a significant novella written in the Victorian era. The protagonist Ebenezer Scrooge is used to demonstrate the upper class society and their attitude towards the poor. Throughout this redemption story, Dickens combines a descriptions of hardships faced by the poor with a heart-felt sentimental celebration of the Christmas season. The novella contains a dramaticRead MoreA Lack of Charity Essay example1718 Words   |  7 PagesIn Charles Dickens’s books, Oliver Twist and A Christmas Carol, the theme of lack of charity is pronounced. Throughout Oliver Twist, society turns a â€Å"cold shoulder† to those in need of help (Miller 30). The Victorian England society prohibits inhabitants of the lower social realms from moving up in society. Rarely do lower class members receive attention, and the attention they do receive is far from par (Reeves). Ebenezer Scrooge, the main character of A Christmas Carol, learns to be charitableRead Mor eâ€Å"He became as good a friend, as good a master, and as good a man, as the good old city knew†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Discuss Scrooge’s transformation in A Christmas Carol.873 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Ã¢â‚¬Å"He became as good a friend, as good a master, and as good a man, as the good old city knew†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Discuss Scrooge’s transformation in A Christmas Carol. Charles Dickens, renowned social critic and celebrated author of the Victorian Era. In his most cherished yuletide novella, Dickens’ explores the idea of transformation and man’s ability to redeem himself. By observing Scrooge’s conversion from misanthrope to humanitarian, the reader can understand that Scrooge is only able to transform because ofRead MoreEssay about The Three Spirits in Dickens’ A Christmas Carol2079 Words   |  9 PagesThe Three Spirits in Dickens’ A Christmas Carol In Dickens’ Ghost story ‘ A Christmas Carol’ we are shown a story of redemption. Dickens uses description, sarcasm and many other effects to create the sudden changes of atmosphere in the novel. I will look at how Dickens creates such a structured book and what causes it to be so effective. However before I begin to examine Dickens’ methods I will see how each of the mysterious spirits affect Scrooge and how he responds to them. EbenezerRead More A Christmas Carol - character study of Scrooge Essay2602 Words   |  11 PagesA Christmas Carol - character study of Scrooge A Christmas Carol â€Å"Scrooge! A squeezing, wrenching, grasping, scraping, clutching, covetous old sinner!† Scrooge is the main character in the novel ‘A Christmas Carol’. At the beginning of the novel he is a brutal, evil, pitiless, cold-hearted man, but subsequent to meeting three spirits, Scrooge regrets his life and decides he needs to alter it. The main theme Charles Dickens conveys through the story is redemption; this is significant

Human Trafficking in the United States - 1603 Words

Products from all over the world are being distributed and sold from other countries to people in the United States. Imports and exports to and from the U.S include products as wide ranged as food, clothes, and even people. Human trafficking is a worldwide problem, including the United States. Currently, there are approximately 20.9 million people enslaved throughout the world with 2.5 million located in the United States. About 14,500 - 17,500 of foreign nationals are trafficked into the United States every year (Human trafficking statistics). These statistics show that slavery is still alive and flourishing throughout the entire world. When humans are exchanged, exploited, and forced into prostitution, and involuntary labor, it is called human trafficking. Human trafficking is a very serious problem which has been going on for centuries; I believe spreading awareness is imperative to solving this ongoing problem. There has been many government attempts to try to alleviate this p roblem in the past with the Emancipation Proclamation, the Thirteenth Amendment, Out of the 20.9 million people that are enslaved in the world, more than 70 percent are female and half are children (Human trafficking statistics). Approximately 80% of trafficking involves sexual exploitation and many victims are runaway girls who were sexually abused as children (Human trafficking statistics). Although the government has tried numerous things to stop human trafficking, it is still happening.Show MoreRelatedHuman Trafficking And The United States1066 Words   |  5 PagesHuman trafficking has always been a though subject. Most Americans prefer to believe that this is a problem of the past, that it simply does not occur anymore. Others accept the fact that human trafficking exist, but in a far away reality, an incident homed only in poor, third world countries. This couldn’t be farther away from the truth. Human trafficking is a real and current problem in the United States, Ca lifornia being a hotspot for this issue, and with the Super Bowl in 2016 the problem willRead MoreHuman Trafficking And The United States1417 Words   |  6 PagesEach year about 17,500 individuals are brought into the United States and become victims of human trafficking. Every country has this problem and it has become the 3rd largest illegal industry worldwide. Human Trafficking is the trade of humans mainly for sexual slavery, but also forced labor and commercial sexual exploitation for the trafficker and sometimes others who take part in this act. Human trafficking is also used for organs or tissues, including surrogacy, ova removal, or making theseRead MoreHuman Trafficking And The United States962 Words   |  4 Pagestakes for cases to be prosecuted and to gain protections is very extensive. Intensifying the existing laws to better defend human trafficking victims is critical.The United States Government, in 2000, certified the Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act. This act helps prosecute traffickers and support victims. Since then the number of recognized victims of trafficking has risen as well as trials and social service providers working with survivors. Because of this it gives researchers anRead MoreHuman Trafficking And The United States Essay1585 Words   |  7 PagesLooking the other way while close to 50% of the human trafficking in the United States end up in prostitution, what is going on in these states. The over sexed country does not help to stop it when we constantly promote sex in almost every aspect of life. People are losing their life to find a way to get to the United States through different forms of smuggling. Are these the people that we should be letting get in this country? Right under our nose the women, girls are being coerced into prostitutionRead MoreHuman Trafficking : The United States1740 Words   |  7 PagesHUMAN TRAFFICKING IN THE UNITED STATES: WHY SOME STATES HAVE MORE HUMAN TRAFFICKING CALLS THAN OTHERS INTRODUCTION Human trafficking is a growing endemic affecting an estimated 35.8 million men, women, and children around the world annually, as reported by the Global Slavery Index (GSI). The United States is not immune to this problem and has successfully identified 21,434 cases of human trafficking through the National Human Trafficking Resource Center Hotline since 2007. As with crimes of thisRead MoreHuman Trafficking : The United States1250 Words   |  5 Pagessomeone talks about child trafficking? Do you think of children from third world countries being kidnapped or sold into the black market of human trafficking? Most of us probably think of human trafficking as being an issue that poor countries just have but, that isn’t the case. Human trafficking is alive and sadly thriving in the United States. According to Trafficking Source Center, 5,544 cases of human trafficking were reported in the United States in 2015. With human trafficking being around for soRead MoreHuman Trafficki ng And The United States Essay751 Words   |  4 PagesFACT SHEET Human trafficking in the United States Human trafficking, also known as trafficking in persons or modern day slavery, is an affront to the most basic of human freedoms. Human trafficking is a crime that strikes at the very heart of the American promise: freedom. In response to this abhorrent crime, government agencies and nongovernmental organizations have formed strong and growing partnerships aimed at ending this violation of fundamental civil rights and human dignity. 1. WhatRead MoreHuman Trafficking in the United States2403 Words   |  10 PagesHuman Trafficking The United States has always been known for sticking their nose in places where it does not belong. America has been part of wars that could have been avoided, scandals that had nothing to do with the United States. Millions of lives over the years could have been spared if America would have just simply stayed where they belong. What if though, America feels like they have to get involved in forging affairs if they think it can cause or is causing a problem on American soil orRead MoreHuman Trafficking : The United States2136 Words   |  9 PagesHuman trafficking is a prominent problem within the United States that is often overlooked. The definition of human trafficking is, â€Å"Human trafficking - the illegal practice of procuring or trading in human beings for the purpose of prostitution, forced labor, or other forms of exploitation† (â€Å"Human trafficking†). People in the United States believe that human trafficking is a problem that occurs in other less dev eloped countries compared to the United States. What these individuals do not realizeRead MoreHuman Trafficking And The United States1230 Words   |  5 Pagesaround 15,000 are trafficked in the United States. Half of those are children. Not all cases are reported, and there are few victims rescued in comparison to the millions that are still helpless each and every year. Human trafficking is an epidemic all across the world and many countries are doing all they can to stop it. But what about the United States; what are we doing to stop it and is what we’re doing enough? What is human trafficking? It is defined by the United Nations as â€Å"the recruitment, transportation

Is Children’s Development a Universal Staged Process or a Social and Cultural Process Free Essays

There are three main approaches to child development, the scientific, the social constructionist and the applied approach. Each of these approaches look at children’s development from a different stand point. I will go on to explore each approach in turn and how they can help us answer the above question. We will write a custom essay sample on Is Children’s Development a Universal Staged Process or a Social and Cultural Process? or any similar topic only for you Order Now The scientific approach to child development seeks to explain the facts about child development. It does this by devising theories which are then tested through observations and experiments. A classic example of this is Jean Piaget (1896-1890) who was one of the most influential theorists in child development. Piaget built up a theory about how children’s thinking developed; this is usually referred to as his theory on Cognitive development. He proposed that children do not gradually increase their thinking capacity but that they go through a series of stages or transformations in their thinking. Piaget (1932) proposed that there are 4 main stages in a children’s development; sensor-motor (approximately 0-2yrs), pre-operational (approximately 2-6 yrs), concrete operational (approximately 6-12 yrs) and formal operational (12 yrs and over). His approach can be seen today in how the curriculum is sequenced in schools and in the rise of children’s centres across the UK. Piaget used many similar experiments to support his theory. Examples are, children were asked to compare balls of plasticine after one had been rolled into a sausage; another was for children to compare rows of counters where one row had been stretched into a longer line. In each case the younger children appeared to reason that the amount of counters or plasticine had also changed. (Light and Oates, 1990, PP. 101-106). He was trying to show that children aren’t less cognitively developed than adults but they actually think differently. In many of Piaget’s experiments he tried to show how at what stage do children see things from another’s point of view. One very famous experiment was a construction of a model of 3 mountains. The largest gray and snow capped, the middle sized brown with a red cross on it and the smallest was green with a house on top. Children were then asked to sit on one side of the model with a doll at the opposite side. They were asked to arrange three pieces of cardboard shaped like the mountains. They they were asked to chose the doll’s view from 10 pictures and finally what the doll would see from other view points. Children younger than about 7 were unable to see things from another view point. Piaget’s claims were bold and his theories and experiments have been criticized by developmental theorists. Developmental theorists now recognise that a child’s development is far more complex than the 4 stages Piaget supported. Lawrence Kohlberg (1927-1987) used Piaget’s stage of development as a starting point to suppose a theory about children’s moral development. He used moral dilemmas to study how children develop the capacity to make moral judgments. Kholberg (Kholberg 1967) proposed that there are 6 stages or levels to a child’s moral development, these are grouped into 3 levels with 2 stages in each; preconventional, conventional and principled. It is extremely rare to progress back in stages and each stage must be completed to move onto the next as each stage is more complex than the last. In Kholberg’s experiments children were given moral dilemmas about right and wrong to discover at what stage a child reaches different levels of cognitive capacity. Kholberg and his team started testing 75 boys in the US and went back and tested them at intervals as they grew into adulthood. However, this was not a cross section of US children as no girls were tested. The data from these scientific studies can be used to assess when a child knows right from wrong. These and similar techniques are used today to carry out assessments for courts deciding whether a child can be held criminally responsible. The social constructionist view of child development looks at the ways that childhood is experienced in different situations and circumstances. Different cultures, religions and social economic conditions have different expectations and beliefs around childhood. These have also been different throughout history. For example in Victorian Britain, children were expected to work in the home, field, streets or in factories. However in modern Britain we expect our children to spend much of their childhood learning at school. Another example is, Maya’s (U212 Video 1, band 1) experiences of childhood in the poor area Chittagong being different to the twins Yasir and Yamin’s experiences in middle class Chittagong. Each have different expectations of their roles within society according to their social boundaries, gender, family and beliefs. Central to the social constructionist approach is the concept of competing discourses of childhood. A discourse is a particular way of thinking or a particular view point that is influenced by our gender, language, history, beliefs, experiences and social boundaries. There are numerous discourses but a romantic discourse sees children as inherently good; a child would only do terrible things if damaged in some way. Contrary to this is the puritanical discourse which sees the child as inherently evil, doing evil things because they are wicked and need punishing. Using the social constructionist view allows us to recognise that a child who is a killer can be seen through these two very different discourses either needing therapy or needing punishment. Social constructionists are not about applying facts and time frames to child development, neither is it just about there being different ‘realities’ created by the way people think and make sense of children. It goes far deeper by exploring what these different ‘realities mean in terms of our moral consequences, what we expect, what we believe our outcomes can be and more importantly what our outcomes can’t be, what is hidden from our view and what we are prevented from doing by our constructed society. Rex Stainton Rogers (1992) says of a socially constructed world: ‘But what about childhood?†¦ For example. The children of Longwitten have come to understand that they ‘have to go to school’, that the human made ‘thing’ down the road is a school, that certain activities belong in he classroom, and others in the playground, and so on. The social world works because we share common understandings. ’ Stanton Rogers says (1992) that it is taken for granted that children will go to school and that this appears normal and the right thing to do in our socially constructed world, and that sometimes we fail to question or imagine anything els e outside of this. The third approach is the applied approach. This focuses on practical issues of childhood such as how should we parent out children, what support and services might we need in order to protect them. The applied approach relies on both the scientic and social constructionist approaches when applying theory and research to social policy, the law and professional practise. I have already looked at the romantic and puritan discourses. The romantic discourse believes that children are naturally good, therefore children who commit crime should be rehabilitated which Stuart Asquith (1996) describes as the Welfare model and the puritan discourse the ‘Justice’ model. The welfare model looks at children who do wrong as doing so because they have been mistreated / deprived or having been disadvantaged in some way. These children need nurturing and need our care to overcome these disadvantages. The Justice model looks as children as being responsible when they reach an age where they can be held partially accountable for their crimes. These children need to be treated as criminals and punished accordingly. Asquith’s applied approach draws on both the scientific aspects of children’s moral development and the social constructionist view on how culture and society affect us as humans.. In looking at all three approaches it is clear that they are all complex and interplay greatly with each other. The scientific approach concentrates on identifying universal stages of children’s development. These are a series of stages which all children pass through from immaturity to maturity. The danger is that these can result in a picture of a universal child which is mainly based on a western culture. There is scientific research to determine when a child can be morally responsible for a crime and scientific research has produced lots of data on what reformatory regimes appear to work for young offenders. But we must remember that the child is not a passive participant in this research. The outcomes will depend on both the researchers and child’s social constructions of their worlds. In contrast the social constructionists’ view is that immaturity and maturity are complex constructs that we have made for ourselves depending on a whole range of outside influences, these will be different for each one of us. Children do not develop autonomously from culture and society and take many different routes to maturity depending on many things including gender, culture, religion, and their social and economic circumstances in which they find themselves. How to cite Is Children’s Development a Universal Staged Process or a Social and Cultural Process?, Essays

Integrated Project Information Management

Question: Discuss about theIntegrated Project Information Management. Answer: Introduction: Business information modeling is a 3D model intelligent based process that includes construction, engineering and architecture with tools and techniques to increase the efficiency of plans, construction, designs and managing infrastructure and building. The tools of virtual design such as simulation and 3D modeling are increasingly becoming integrated and sophisticated. The process that helps to interact between the designers and each of the elements of the design is referred to as business information modeling (Gunasekaran and Sandhu, 2010). It is the way to design cities, systems and building which is increasingly becoming more popular. It helps the organization to operate more efficiently, attract talent workforce, and develop in the market and increasing the quality of work. With the increase in the number of commercial and government organizations the demand of IBM is also increasing. It allows the aspect of the performance of the design to be assessed and simulated before it is built which helps to understand designs more appropriately. It is considered as the global digital technology for construction and its demand is increasing with the development of technology (Kim, 2012). The strategy of BIM is most advanced and ambitious driven program in the world. The BIM software helps to reduce the risk of project and cost, operations and increases the quality of the work. The implementation of the system will increase the efficiency of the operations. Main Context Changing Roles of Contractors, Architects and Clients Through BIM The article Changing roles of the clients, architects and contractors through BIM by Rizal Sebastian helps in providing the practical implementations and the implication of the management of the building information modeling. It also provides the overview of the role of the re-business and the application of BIM in the field of the functional and the technical requirements. It also shows the involvement of the large number of the stakeholders with the creation of the long term business development and thereby the roles are seemed to be playing the major role in the process of the management in the long run of the business. With the creation of the ongoing research projects and the findings, the depicting of the general enhancement is shown in the case with thereby helps in the creation of changing roles of the clients, architects and the models of the stakeholders. The research framework depicts the internal collaboration with the existence of the real case and thereby the originatio n of the uses of the BIM are analyzed with mentioning the functionalities. The main finding depicts the identification of the main factors for the enhancement of the successful collaboration by the usage of the process of the BIM (Sebastian, 2011). The environmental work process helps in the recognition of the collaboration of the factors that depicts the embedded strategies in the part of the health care institutions. It also helps in the recognition of the POWER with thereby analyzing the work process coordination, environmental legal framework and the structures depicting the organizational role synergies. The integrated collaboration also helps in the creation of the enhancement with providing the process of implementation in the case of the commercial and the legal barriers and thereby it also helps in the creation of integrated collaboration for embedding the real estate strategies. The changing roles and the process also is mentioned which helps in providing the development a nd the operation of the strategies regarding the integration of the ICT frameworks. The tools and the frameworks act as guidance for the creation of the BIM application implementation in the case of hospitality and thereby the enhancement is made so far. Henceforth the real cases of the BIM is considered in this case with thereby helps in the providing the operations and the system of the development with the incurred process. The changing roles with the implementation of the integrated collaboration and designing of the lifecycle also helps in the creation of the design approaches with acknowledging the knowledge of various reviews with the integration of focus on hospital building projects. The product information sharing, organizational roles synergies, work process coordination and the environmental team work with the reference data consideration are used for the purpose of the creation of data in the form of the management of the collaborative process. The realization of the fa ctors with the implementation of the BIM application helps in the construction of the mental barriers with defining the collaborative process involved. It thereby helps in the appropriate management of the integrated collaborative process with the continuation of BIM practices. BIM Adoption and its Implementation for the Architectural Practices The article BIM adoption and implementation for architectural practices by Y. Arayici, P. Coates, L. Koskela and M. Kagioglou helps in the presenting the systematic approach for modeling the BIM systematic approach and thereby it also helps in the implementation of the architectural approach with the consideration of SMEs in the organizational level. The research helps in acknowledging the knowledge transfer and thereby it also helps in the creation of the knowledge transfer for the project with the consideration of and SME project. The implementation of the approach made for the BIM helps in the creation of the overall modeling with the creation of architecture for SME and thereby the socio-economic view with the implementation of project takes place with the help of the gaining efficiency and the competitive advantages. The creation of this industry helps in providing the infrastructural efficiency with thereby focusing on the communication of the stakeholders and it also focuses o n the effective collaboration with the reduction of the life cycle costs (Arayici et al., 2011). Building information with the construction of the architectural profession also helps in the adoption of the architectural process and henceforth the adoption of the BIM is seemed to be creating a professional advancement in the field of the operation of the buildings in the streamlined positions. The BIM implementation also helps in the enhancement of the suggestion and thereby the consideration of the KTP becomes the aim in this adoption of the BIM technology. It thereby helps in the enhancement of the structures which helps in the creation of communication with creating a socio-economic environment. The strategic approaches are also shown in this article with viewing the adoption of the incorporated people, process and technology equally. It also led to the creation of the improvements in the process of the enhancement of the actions that are seemed to be oriented in the form of the r esearch. Thereby the quantitative advantage is also seemed to be created with the consideration of the technological improvements and skills are seemed to be very much essential for the gaining the competitive advantages (Arayici et al., 2011). The improvements in the process also help in focusing on the approaches for IBM adoption that seemed to be enhanced with reducing the life cycle. The building of this technology is seemed to be implemented in the form of the philosophical demonstrations and thereby it helps in focusing on the BIM adoption of the operational levels. Henceforth this article provides the overview of the knowledge management, action research, modelling and building services with the adoption of BIM technology. The discussion provides the roadmap with the enhancement of the research of the philosophy and also helps in demonstrating the operation levels of SMEs. BIM Collaboration in Architectural Technologist Learning This particular article deals with the qualitative case study that aimed at investigating the influence that the BIM (Business Information Modelling) collaboration will have on the students learning the architectural technology. There is an increase need of collaboration in the environment that is already built. In case of the practices of teaching and learning about the disciplines of design and construction this collaboration needs to be strengthened in order to make the process a much more integrated one. Understanding about the various aspects and different factors related to the knowledge of design and construction is bound to make the students efficient in the work that they would be pursuing in the near future (Abramowicz and Mayr, 2007). This will also play an important part in the development of the efficiency of a student when he or she will be entering the design and construction industry to make it as a professional. The various institutions will then be bound to encourag e students to gain collaborative skills as that will undoubtedly help then in the future to make their careers on one hand and also come up with new construction designs that would be better for everyone. In order to bring about this change, the platform provided by Building Information Modelling Technologies and other collaborative design practices would go a long way to help it (Arrow.dit.ie, 2016). The BIM technologies have the potential of bringing about a radical change in the design and construction industry as they can pave the way for a wide range of expertise in design and construction to come together with their knowledge and information in order to create a construction with a huge amount of efficiency and ease. But the way in which the students who are already learning the disciplines of design and technology can be benefitted needs to be looked upon as their acceptance of the incorporation of IBM in the learning processes will play a great role in it getting implemented in the real life. Architectural Technology or AT is an emerging profession in the already built environment of the design and construction industry. It needs to be understood that with the development of science and technology each and every field of learning is going through a lot of changes in order to incorporate the new discoveries and inventions that can make the process of learning and implementation of that much more efficient than before. The process of constructing a building has become much more specialized and for this reason the role of the architectural technology has also become important. The core education received by the students is that of technical design and this helps them to develop a skill set that would enable them to communicate in an effective manner with the other disciplines of design and construction in order to create for a central point of communication and coordination where all the data and information about the building being constructed would be g athered. Building Information Modeling for Existing Buildings The scarcities of resources, the challenges of making the building sustainable, efficiency of the resources are a few factors that direct the communities of Architecture and Construction to take very good care of the resources that are being used by them. In case of the countries that are already industrialized and so not have much scope for constructing new buildings, and as a result the constructing industry of the country ends up concentrating and taking care of the modifications of the buildings, demolition of the decaying buildings and retrofits. Through the implementation of the Business Information Modelling, a lot of resource gets saved and efficiently used in the different processes of design, planning and overall construction of a new building. This is the reason why Business Information Modelling has been getting a lot of importance nowadays. It was in the 1970s that the 3D modeling of buildings had started with the help computers that were available in those times. Though a lot of sectors had taken up and incorporated the use of 3D designing, the construct ion sector for quite a while held on to the traditional 2D design. It was in the early 2000s that the Business Information Modelling was introduced in the construction sector as a pilot project in order to judge its merits and demerits. This helped a lot in supporting the work of the building designers, engineers and architects as they could easily understand as well as visualize how their designs would look like in real life. As a result of this, the pre planning of a building could be done efficiently as the engineers and designers involved in the work had the chance of clash detection, quantification, data management and costing even before the project was started. Through the eventual development of Business Information Modelling itself, there was the addition of extra and special features along with the basic functionalities that it met with like that of scheduling, energy analysis, progress tracking and structural analysis (Volk, Stengel and Schultmann, 2014). The main aim of BIM is to enable the people associated with a work of construction to preplan, get every detail about the infrastructure and integrate the project delivery of buildings. The difference in the design and construction of buildings is directly dependent on the type of building it is and the purpose that it has to serve in the society. This is why the designs of residential buildings differ from that of commercial buildings; and municipal buildings differ from infrastructural buildings. The difference in the framework has a great influence and impact on the application of Business Information Technology because it can enhance the knowledge of the workers about the different frameworks by providing them with the detailed description of each of them along with the supporting functionalities that are required by the workers. Theoretical Framework of BIM The Architecture, engineering and construction industries build most complex projects which includes multi disciplinary collaboration and exchange of data set of large buildings. Traditionally, the efforts of collaboration all across the disciplines based on the exchange of documents and 2D drawings. However, widespread adoption of the object oriented named computer aided design tools has more interest in the building information modeling. The business information building has large number of applications such as the analysis tools, facility management application and model checkers that are being developed. The theoretical framework of the technical requirements paper mainly focus on the use of the server BIM as the multi disciplinary platform for collaboration (Singh, Gu and Wang, 2011). The framework was developed using methodologies which includes focus group interviews with from the diverse discipline of AEC. The architectural project a case study using the state of art server o f BIM and analysis and critical review of the collaboration platforms are available to AEC industries. The application of 3D models, visualization and application for the development and collaboration of the designs. The widespread use of computer aided design packages has increased the automation level and constructability in the process of construction which provide encouragement for the exchange of the 3D data and information in the collaboration process. Therefore, Building Information Modeling plays a significant role in transformation. It is advanced approach to the object oriented CAD that extends the capability of traditional approach of CAD by applying and defining the intelligent relationship between the elements in building model. The model includes both non geometric and geometric data such as specifications and object attributes. The built in intelligence helps to allow the automated extraction of documentation, 2D drawing and directly building information from BIM mode l. The built in intelligence provides constraints reduces the modeling errors and preventing technical error in the design. The CAD package such as Revit and ArchiCAD includes the approach of object oriented with certain capabilities of BIM. There are large number of supporting applications that have emerged to exploit the information in the IBM model for design analysis, model integration, facility management, error checks and so on. The multiple applications have emerged with the ability to use directly and exchange information between them which provides opportunities to enhance the distribution and collaboration of project. It is considered as one of the most popular information technology that allows virtual prototyping, described access, design integrity, simulations, maintenance and retrieval of data. The report present a framework, which classifies as well as specifies characteristics along with technical needs for a BIM sever to server collaborated platform. The paper does not have any intention to give a comparison of diverse applications. Rather the goal of the paper is to detect the technical characteristics and features regarding to a multi-disciplinary collaborated platform as refracted across the diverse application (Halpin, 2011). In addition to that, the research detect that the growth and development of BIM server and related technologies ought to be with unlimited functional as well as operational needs as AEC projects are mainly multi organizational as well as multi disciplinary. This means among other aspects deficiency of previous history and experience, contradictory goals along with different roles and responsibilities inhibit implementation of the groupware technologies. Conclusion With the increasing demand of the construction business the necessity of integrated project information management system within an organization in the field of construction has been increased. In the current scenario the importance of the integrated project information management is highly enhanced as it plays vital role in successful accomplishment of the goals and objectives of the business organizations, especially the organizations involved in a construction business. An efficient integrated information management system has several important benefits that keep ahead the construction organizations. It helps in synchronizing the construction activities in more efficient ways so that more improved outcome can be obtained. It keeps tracks of the progress of all the business activities of a project, which use to be taken by the construction company. 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